The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loan and Debt Equity Ratio on Financial Performance

Authors

  • Indah Nur Hastuti Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
  • R. Ery Wibowo Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
  • Nurcahyono Nurcahyono Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Keywords:

capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan, debt equity ratio, financial performance

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loan and debt equity ratio on financial performance in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2020-2022. The population in this study is banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2020-2022. This study used purposive sampling techniques. With an analysis unit of 129 financial statements with 43 banking companies. The analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 25 as a tool in calculation. Based on the results provided in this study, it shows that the capital adequacy ratio and non-performing loans have no effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, the debt equity ratio negatively affects financial performance. The predictive ability of the three variables to financial performance was 18.8% while the other 81.2% came from other variables

References

Agustin, R., Nurcahyono, N., Sinarasri, A., & Sukesti, F. (2023). Financial Ratio and Stock Returns in Indonesia Equity Markets : A Signaling Theory Approach. International Conference on Business, Accounting, Banking, and Economics, 277–292. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-154-8

Akter, R., & Roy, J. K. (2017). The Impacts of Non-Performing Loan on Profitability: An Empirical Study on Banking Sector of Dhaka Stock Exchange. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(3), 126–132. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n3p126

Alifiana, S., & Indah, N. P. (2021). the Effect of Debt To Asset Ratio (Dar), Debt To Equity Ratio (Der), and Total Assets Turnover (Tato) on Return on Asset (Roa) in Cosmetics and Household Goods Sub Sector Companies Listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange Year 2016 - 2019. JIM UPB (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Universitas Putera Batam), 9(2), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.33884/jimupb.v9i2.3729

Amanda, R. I. (2019). The Impact Of Cash Turnover, Receivable Turnover, Inventory Turnover, Current Ratio And Debt To Equity Ratio On Profitability. Journal of Research in Management, 2(2), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.32424/jorim.v2i2.66

Ambarwati, D., & Nurcahyono, N. (2022). The Influence of Capital Structure, Information Technology, and Business Characteristics on SMEs’ Performance During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Islamic Banking, Accounting and Finance International Conference, 2022, 218–226.

Arasy, R. A., & Handayani, S. S. (2020). Influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan To Deposits Ratio (LDR), Operational Efficiency Ratio (OER), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) on Return on Assets (ROA) of Soes Bank in 2016 To 2018. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, VIII(6), 308–320.

Azzahra, N., Sofianty, D., & Nurcahyono, N. (2023). Pengaruh Kesadaran Wajib Pajak dan Pengetahuan Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi. Bandung Conference Series: Accountancy, 3(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsa.v3i1.5853

Bintara, R. (2020). The Effect of Working Capital, Liquidity and Leverage on Profitability. Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(1), 28–35. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2020.v04i01.005

Chaerunisak, U. H., Wardani, D. K., & Prihatiningrum, Z. T. (2019). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car) Dan Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (Bopo) Terhadap Kinerja Bank Syariah. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Dan Humaniora, 5(2), 203–215. https://doi.org/10.29303/jseh.v5i2.62

Fizabaniyah, R., Nurcahyono, N., Argojuwono, A. D. A., & Hernawati, R. I. (2023). Financial Ratio , Board Diversity and Financial Distress : Evidence from Indonesia. International Conference on Business, Accounting, Banking, and Economics, 1, 307–320. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-154-8

Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Gunawan, R., Widiyanti, M., Malinda, S., & Adam, M. (2022). the Effect of Current Ratio, Total Asset Turnover, Debt To Asset Ratio, and Debt To Equity Ratio on Return on Assets in Plantation Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration, 2(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.54443/ijebas.v2i1.139

Hadian, N., & Phety, D. T. O. O. (2021). The Effect of Non Performing Loans and Loan to Deposit Ratio on Return On Assets in the Banking Industry. Turkish Journal of Computer and Matematics Education, 12(8), 791–798. https://doi.org/10.56457/jimk.v9i1.91

Handayani, J. R., Nurcahyono, N., Saadah, N., & Winarsih. (2023). Hexagon Fraud : Detection of Fraudulent Financial Statement in Indonesia. International Conference on Business, Accounting, Banking, and Economics, 1, 263–276. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-154-8

Hantono. (2018). The Effect of Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Toward Return on Assets (Case Study on Consumer Goods Company). Accountability, 7(2), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.32400/ja.24804.7.02.2018.64-73

Ichsan, R. N., Suparmin, S., Yusuf, M., Ismal, R., & Sitompul, S. (2021). Determinant of Sharia Bank’s Financial Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 298–309. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1594

Ifada, L. M., Ghoniyah, N., & Nurcahyono, N. (2023). How Do Tax Avoidance and Profitability Influence a Firm’S Intrinsic Value? Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 14(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jamal.2023.14.1.08

Imani, A., & Pracoyo, A. (2018). Analysis of The Effect of Capital, Credit Risk, and Liquidity Risk on Profitability in Banks. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen & Ekonomika, 10(2), 44–50.

Irawan, B. R., & Syarif, A. D. (2019). Analysis the Effect of Fundamental Financial Ratio of CAR , LDR , LAR , Bank Size , OPE and NIM on Non- Performing Loans ( NPL ) of Banking Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012 - 2018. International Journal Of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 4(10), 728–735.

Irawati, N., Maksum, A., Sadalia, I., & Muda, I. (2019). Financial performance of indonesian’s banking industry: the role of good corporate governance, capital adequacy ratio, non performing loan and size. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(4), 22–26.

Islamiyah, D., & Sukaris. (2023). The Influence Of Loan To Deposite Ratio, Operational Costs and Operational Revenue, Non Performing Loans On Profitability In Banking Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange. Proceeding Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik Social Science and Humanities International Conference (UMGCINMATIC), 2(1), 8–18.

Jati, W. (2021). The Effect of Non Performing Loan and Capital Adequacy Ratio on Return on Assets in Bank Victoria International, Tbk Period 2009-2018. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 482–491. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1630

Korri, N. T. L., & Baskara, I. G. K. (2019). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Loan, Bopo, Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 8(11), 6577. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i11.p10

Kryzanowski, L., Liu, J., & Zhang, J. (2022). Effect of COVID-19 On Non Performing Loans In China. Finance Research Letters, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103372

Kurniawan, D., & Samhaji. (2020). Pengaruh Leverage, Likuiditas, Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Emiten Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen, 16(2), 62–75.

Kusumastuti, W. I., & Alam, A. (2019). Analysis of Impact of CAR, NPF, BOPO on Profitability of Islamic Banks (Year 2015-2017). Journal of Islamic Economic Laws, 2(1), 30–59. https://doi.org/10.23917/jisel.v2i1.6370

Menicucci, E., & Paolucci, G. (2016). Factors affecting bank profitability in Europe: An empirical investigation. African Journal of Business Management, 10(17), 410–420. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm2016.8081

Mili, M., Sahut, J. M., Trimeche, H., & Teulon, F. (2017). Determinants Of The Capital Adequacy Ratio Of Foreign Banks’ Subsidiaries: The Role Of Interbank Market And Regulation. Research in International Business and Finance, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.02.002

Mugun, W., Odhiambo, S. A., & Momayi, G. (2019). Effect of Debt to Equity Ratio on Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Kenya. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 6(7), 154–162. https://doi.org/10.24940/theijbm/2019/v7/i5/bm1905-020

Muliyanti, S., Agusti, R., & Azhari. (2023). Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Financing, Kualitas Aktiva Produktif dan Dana Pihak Ketiga Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah. Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 3(1), 38–46.

Nasution, A. E., Putri, L. P., & Dungga, S. (2019). The Effect Of Debt To Equity Ratio and Total Asset Turnover On Return On Equity In Automotive Companies and Components In Indonesia. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 92, 182–188.

Nurcahyono, N., Hariadi, B., & Mardiati, E. (2019). The Effect of Work Loads on Employee Performance With Job Satisfaction As A Mediation Variable. Journal of Business Management and Economic Research, 3(8), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.29226/tr1001.2019.147

Nurcahyono, N., & Sinarasri, A. (2023). Earnings Management as an Finance Strategy for Company Image. Jurnal Proaksi, 10(3), 337–351. https://doi.org/10.32534/jpk.v10i3.4476

Nurcahyono, N., Subki, M., & Hardiwinoto. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak: Studi KPP Kota Semarang. Competitive Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 5(2), 233–242.

Nurcahyono, N., Wibowo, R. E., & Kristiana, I. (2020). Impact Of Competence, Job Design, Job Satisfaction on Employee Directorate General of Taxes Performance. Relevance: Journal of Management and Business, 3(2), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.22515/relevance.v3i2.2955

Nurkhalifa, U., Machpudin, A., & Setiawati, R. (2021). Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal dan Efisiensi Operasional Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Umum Konvensional di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 9(2), 85–98.

Octaviani, S., & Andriyani, Y. (2018). Pengaruh Non Performing Loan (Npl) Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio (Ldr) Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Bei). Jurnal Akuntansi : Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi (JAK), 5(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.30656/jak.v5i1.504

OJK. (2021). Laporan Profil Industri Perbankan Triwulan IV 2021. 1–145.

Pinasti, W. F., & Mustikawati, R. I. (2018). Pengaruh Car, Bopo, Npl, Nim Dan Ldr Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Periode 2011-2015. Nominal, Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 7(1), 126–142. https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v7i1.19365

Ramadhanti, C., Marlina, M., & Hidayati, S. (2019). The Effect Capital Adequacy, Liquidity and Credit Risk to Profitability of Commercial Banks. Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges, 2(1), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.66

Rambe, I., & Rambe, M. F. (2020). Analysis of Firm Size and Debt To Equity Ratio To Return on Assets Listed on the Indonesia. International Proceeding of Law & Economics Iple 2020, 125–133.

Safitri, M., & Oktavia, V. (2022). The Role Of Interest Rates On The Effect Of Non-Performing Loans And Capital Adequacy Ratio On Banking Profitability (Case Study On Conventional Commercial Banks Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2020). Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah, 1(7), 1785–1796.

Sagala, L., Silitonga, C., Situmorang, S., & Tambunan, T. S. (2019). Pengaruh Car, Npl, Dan Bopo Terhadap Roa Pada Bank Daerah Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen, 5(2), 249–260.

Silitonga, R. I., Sadalia, I., & Irawati, N. (2020). Non-Performing Loan Determinant on Return on Assets in Open Banking Companies in Indonesia. European Journal of Economic and FInancial Research, 3(6), 76–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3666706

Soares, P. dan, & Yunanto, M. (2018). The Effect of NPL, CAR, LDR, OER and NIM to Banking Return on Asset. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, VI(3), 40–55.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Tindakan. Alfabeta.

Sukmadewi, R. (2020). The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Operating-Income Ratio, Non Performing Loans, Net Interest Margin on Banking Financial Performance. ECo-Buss, 2(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.32877/eb.v2i2.130

Sunaryo, D. (2020). The Effect Of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), and Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) Against Return On Asset (ROA) In General Banks In Southeast Asia 2012-2018. Ilomata International Journal of Management, 1(4), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v1i4.110

Susilawati, D., Agusetiawan Shavab, F., & Mustika, M. (2022). The Effect of Debt to Equity Ratio and Current Ratio on Return on Assets. Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research, 1(4), 325–337. https://doi.org/10.54408/jabter.v1i4.61

Sutrisno. (2018). Pengaruh Debt Equtity Ratio, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Loan, Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio Terhadap Return On Assets Pada Bank Yang Terdaftar Di BEI. Jurnal STIE Semarang, 10(3), 248–253.

Swandewi, N. K. M., & Purnawati, N. K. (2021). Capital Adequacy Ratio Mediates the Effect of Non-Performing Loan on Returns on Assets in Public Commercial Banks. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5(1), 651–656.

Utomo, N. R. H., & Trisnawati, R. (2021). Pengaruh Car, Tpf, Npl, Dan Bank Size Terhadap Profitabilitas Sektor Perbankan Di Bei. Jurnal STIE SEMARANG, 13(3), 86–103.

Videsia, Y., Wibowo, R. E., & Nurcahyono, N. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Pelaporan Keuangan. Review of Applied Accounting Research, 9(2), 219–228. https://doi.org/10.32534/jpk.v9i2.2407

Downloads

Published

2024-05-31

How to Cite

Hastuti, I. N. ., R. Ery Wibowo, & Nurcahyono, N. (2024). The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loan and Debt Equity Ratio on Financial Performance. Economics and Business International Conference Proceeding, 1(1), 13–24. Retrieved from http://429005.jxltd.asia/index.php/EBiC/article/view/377

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2